In Singapore’s bustling urban life, sexual health is an essential yet sometimes overlooked aspect of our well-being. Among the well-known infections, there’s one that often goes unnoticed: Mycoplasma. This lesser-known sexually transmitted infection (STI) can have significant health implications if left unchecked. Let’s explore what Mycoplasma is, how it affects us, and the steps we can take to safeguard our health.
What Exactly Is Mycoplasma?
Mycoplasma refers to a group of bacteria unique because they lack a cell wall, making them resistant to some common antibiotics. Two types are particularly relevant to sexual health:
- Mycoplasma genitalium: Often associated with urogenital infections.
- Mycoplasma hominis: Can be part of the normal genital flora but may cause infections under certain conditions.
Why Is It Often Overlooked?
- Asymptomatic Nature: Many people infected with Mycoplasma show no symptoms.
- Limitations of Standard Tests: Routine STI screenings may not detect Mycoplasma, leading to underdiagnosis.
In Singapore, awareness about Mycoplasma is growing, but it’s still not as commonly discussed as other STIs. Understanding this infection is crucial for early detection and treatment.
Recognising the Symptoms
Common Symptoms in Men
- Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra causing discomfort.
- Penile Discharge: Unusual discharge from the penis.
- Burning Sensation: Discomfort during urination.
Common Symptoms in Women
- Cervicitis: Inflammation of the cervix leading to discomfort.
- Pelvic Pain: Persistent pain in the lower abdomen.
- Abnormal Vaginal Discharge: Changes in colour, consistency, or smell.
- Pain During Intercourse: Discomfort or pain during sexual activity.
Asymptomatic Cases
It’s important to note that many individuals may not exhibit any symptoms, increasing the risk of unknowingly transmitting the infection. Regular STD testing is essential for sexually active individuals in Singapore.
How Does Mycoplasma Spread?
Mycoplasma is transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and possibly oral sex.
Risk Factors Include:
- Multiple Sexual Partners: Increases exposure risk.
- Unprotected Sex: Lack of barrier protection facilitates transmission.
- Previous STIs: History of STIs may increase susceptibility.
Connection to Other STIs
Having Mycoplasma can make one more susceptible to other infections like chlamydia and gonorrhoea. It may also facilitate the transmission of HIV, which remains a concern in our community.
Potential Complications if Left Untreated
Reproductive Health Issues
- Infertility: Infections can affect fertility in both men and women.
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): In women, it can lead to chronic pelvic pain and reproductive complications.
Pregnancy Concerns
- Preterm Birth: Risk of early labour.
- Miscarriage: Increased risk due to infection.
- Neonatal Infections: Possibility of transmitting the infection to the baby during childbirth.
Emotional and Psychological Impact
Infections can lead to stress and anxiety, potentially contributing to conditions like erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation. Addressing mental well-being is as important as treating physical symptoms.
Diagnosis and Testing
Why Standard Tests May Miss It
Routine STI screenings often don’t include tests for Mycoplasma, leading to missed diagnoses. This is why some infections persist despite negative results for other STIs.
Advanced Testing Methods
- Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs): Highly sensitive tests specifically designed to detect Mycoplasma DNA.
When Should You Get Tested?
- Persistent Symptoms: If you experience symptoms despite negative tests for other STIs.
- After Unprotected Sex: Especially if your partner has been diagnosed with an STI.
- Regular Check-Ups: As part of routine sexual health screenings.
Visiting an STD clinic like Shim Clinic ensures access to comprehensive testing tailored to your needs.
Treatment Options
Antibiotic Resistance Concerns
Some strains of Mycoplasma have developed resistance to common antibiotics, making treatment challenging. This highlights the importance of proper medical guidance.
Effective Medications
- Specific Antibiotics: Medications like moxifloxacin may be prescribed by your doctor.
- Complete the Course: It’s crucial to finish the entire prescribed course, even if symptoms improve.
Follow-Up Testing
- Test of Cure: Retesting after treatment ensures the infection has been cleared.
Partner Notification and Treatment
- Inform Sexual Partners: They should also undergo STD testing and receive treatment if necessary to prevent reinfection.
Prevention Strategies
Safe Sex Practices
- Use Condoms: Consistently and correctly to reduce risk.
- Dental Dams: For protection during oral sex.
Regular Screening
- Routine Check-Ups: Especially important if you have multiple partners.
Vaccinations
While there’s no vaccine for Mycoplasma, staying up-to-date with other vaccines like Hepatitis B is beneficial for overall health.
Consider HIV Prevention
Impact on Sexual Health and Relationships
Communication with Partners
- Honest Discussions: Talk openly about STI status and safe sex practices.
- Mutual Support: Work together to maintain health.
Addressing Emotional Well-Being
- Seek Support: Counselling or support groups can help manage stress.
- Stay Informed: Knowledge reduces anxiety and empowers you.
Breaking the Silence: Education and Awareness
Dispelling Myths
- Myth: Mycoplasma is rare.
- Fact: It’s more common than many realise, affecting people regardless of their lifestyle.
- Myth: Only those with multiple partners get STIs.
- Fact: Anyone sexually active can contract an STI, even in monogamous relationships.
Promoting Open Dialogue
Encouraging conversations about sexual health normalises the topic and reduces shame. Education is a powerful tool in preventing the spread of infections.
Empowering Through Knowledge
Staying informed helps you make proactive health decisions. Access reliable resources and don’t hesitate to consult healthcare professionals.
Taking Charge of Your Sexual Health
Understanding Mycoplasma is a significant step towards protecting your well-being. By recognising symptoms, seeking timely testing, and following through with treatment, you can prevent complications and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Take Action Today
If you have concerns or need testing, consider scheduling an appointment at Shim Clinic. Professional and confidential services are available to support you on your journey to better health.
Remember
With proper care and awareness, Mycoplasma can be effectively managed. Empower yourself with knowledge and take proactive steps towards a healthy future.